Sample Submission for Tissue (to be used for DNA isolation)

Sample Requirements

We prefer that you send us lyophilized (i.e. freeze dried) tissue samples. If you do not have the equipment on site for freeze drying you can overnight at room temp fresh tissue samples to us and we can lyophilize them at our facility. If you will be submitting large numbers of tissue samples, cannot lyophilize them, and are not confident mailed samples will reach us within twenty-four hours please contact us at to discuss a number of other strategies which can be employed for tissue sampling. Please do not send us frozen tissue samples as it is much more difficult for us to grind and extract DNA from samples which were frozen without being dried.

For tGBS^® genotyping projects we ask that tissue samples be submitted in a 96 well format. For all projects, be sure the amount of tissue collected fits loosely in the container (96 well plate, 1.5 mL or 5 mL tube etc.). Tubes where too much tissue has been shoved into too small a space are also much more difficult to grind.

In addition, for tGBS^® genotyping projects we ask for ~30 mg of freeze-dried (lyophilized) tissue per sample. We might be able to work with as little as 10 mg and samples should not be more than 100 mg of dried tissue per sample.

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Supported Tissues

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Additional Notes

Some projects rely on data provided by the client rather than (or in addition to) data generated by Data2Bio. Client-supplied data are expected to arrive at Data2Bio at project initiation (e.g., when samples are provided). Delays in supplying such data are likely to delay project completion.

Sample Submission for tGBS^® Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) Projects

If you will be submitting tissue samples for DNA isolation and tGBS^® genotyping, please refer to our tissue sample submission FAQ and then return here for additional tGBS-specific information.

Sample Requirements

While the construction of tGBS^® libraries is relatively insensitive to DNA quality, low quality samples can interfere with our normalization process and result in greater variance in the number of sequence reads generated per sample and the overall quality of the project. For this reason, we request that you send us DNA samples that have been extracted using Qiagen kits (DNeasy kit or Magattract Core kit) or equivalent. For best results, we recommend employing a commercial high throughput DNA isolation kit such as Qiagen's DNeasy or Magattract Core lines.

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What happens if some of my samples fail QC?

We will QC your samples upon their arrival, and let you know if any of them fall outside the expected range.

• If an entire plate of samples exhibits unacceptable quality (as is often seen with CTAB-extracted DNA) we may offer to re-purifying the entire plate at our facility which can often remove contaminants that influence DNA quality estimates and quantification. This will, however, incur an additional charge.
• For logistical reasons, we are not able swap out (or re-array) individual samples that have failed to pass QC.
• If samples do fail QC (e.g., because of insufficient DNA) and we cannot purify them, you are welcome to send an entire plate as a replacement. Please realize that this will delay of project completion while we wait for replacement samples (we won't proceed with the project until all samples have passed QC).
• If you prefer, you can also submit lyophilized tissue samples and Data2Bio will isolate and quantify DNA. This will, however, incur an additional DNA extraction charge.

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Naming Samples for Data2Bio's tGBS^® Analysis Pipeline

Each unique genotype submitted for tGBS^® should have a unique ID consisting of only alpha-numeric characters and optionally underscores². During analysis lowercase letters contained with sample identifiers will be converted to uppercase letters and all special characters will be replaced with underscores³. In addition, white space (blank) characters leading and/or trailing sample IDs will also be removed.

If you submit multiple plates of samples, each unique genotype should have an identifier that distinguishes not only from other genotypes on the same plate but across all submitted plates. In the event of projects requiring the use of the data generated from previous projects, please ensure that the new samples have unique identifiers relative to the previous project if samples are meant to be kept separate.

Our default analysis pipeline treats all samples having the same ID (regardless of case, within plate, or between multiple plates) as the same genotype and the generated reads from those sample wells will be pooled (combined) in downstream analyses. Sometimes clients intentionally replicate the same genotype among their samples. If you wish these replicates to be pooled during our post-sequencing analysis (this is our recommendation for parental controls) then you should use the identical sample ID for all the replicates (e.g., ABC, ABC etc.). If, on the other hand, you do not wish the replicates to be pooled during sequence analysis they should be given unique IDs (e.g., append an underscore followed by a number after the common ID shared by all replicates: ABC_1, ABC_2 etc).

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Preparing your samples for shipment (Required Method)

• For tGBS^® all samples should be submitted in 96 well plates. Samples submitted in individual tubes will incur additional handling fees.
• Please send all your samples at the same time. We will not proceed with library prep until all samples have arrived at our facility and have passed QC.
• Please send frozen DNA samples eluted in EB buffer or water.
  • Do NOT send DNA eluted in solutions with high concentrations of EDTA (such as TE buffer).
  • In some circumstances with highly concentrated DNA, we can genotype samples sent in TE buffer, but only if you inquire and get approval from our QC team before mailing your samples.
• Carefully seal each plate using sealing caps (either rubber mat or plastic caps) and wrap each plate individually with bubble wrap before placing into Styrofoam container.
  • Avoid foil because it be punctured during shipping.
  • Avoid film because it can come loose from plate, especially if samples thaw.
• Pack Styrofoam container with dry ice
• Use this template form to create your sample list and include a hard copy print out in the package
• Seal the Styrofoam container with package tape to slow the sublimation of dry ice
• Ship via overnight express
• See further below about shipping

Some of our customers live in countries where overnight service to the United States is unreliable or not available. We have tested a number of protocols for shipping samples internationally, please contact us directly at to discuss which method is most suited to your situation.

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Additional Notes

Some projects rely on data provided by the client rather than (or in addition to) data generated by Data2Bio. Client-supplied data are expected to arrive at Data2Bio at project initiation (e.g., when samples are provided). Delays in supplying such data are likely to delay project completion.